Secular equilibrium: Ax = Ay
Radiation units:
Exposure [Roentgen, R] X-, gamma ray
Absorbed Dose [Gray, Gy or Rad] 1 Rad = 100 ergs/gram, 1 Gray = 1 J/kg = 100 Rads
Equivalent Dose [Sievert, Sv or Rem] Absorbed dose * Quality factor
1 Rem = 1 Rad * QF
1 Sievert = 1 Gray * QF
QF = 1 for x-, gamma-ray, QF = 10 for Alpha, QF = 2-10 for neutron depending on neutron energy
TRU: Transuranic Waste (z>92), by-products of fuel assembly
Mill tailings: Residue from physical and chemical processing of uranium ore, main concern is radon-222
LLW from NPP: C14 from the activation of N14 in reactor coolant, H3 from boron, Fe55, Co60, Ni59, Ni63, Tc00 from cooling system corrosion products
US government is responsible for final disposal of spent fuel discharged from US commercial NPPs. The utilities are responsible for paying 1 mill per kWh to cover final disposal. (1 mill = 1/1000 dollar)
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